Which eye condition is characterized by increased intraocular pressure?

The eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure is glaucoma. This condition is primarily associated with damage to the optic nerve, which can lead to vision loss if not managed properly. Increased intraocular pressure occurs when the fluid that normally flows within the eye cannot drain correctly, often due to blockage of the drainage canals. Various forms of glaucoma exist, with open-angle glaucoma being the most common type. Early detection and treatment are critical to slowing the progression of the disease and preserving vision.

Cataracts, macular degeneration, and retinal detachment do not typically involve increased intraocular pressure as a primary feature. Cataracts involve the clouding of the lens, macular degeneration affects the central part of the retina leading to loss of central vision, and retinal detachment involves the separation of the retina from the underlying tissue, which is not primarily related to eye pressure.