What visual field loss occurs with glaucoma?

Peripheral vision loss is characteristic of glaucoma due to the gradual damage it causes to the optic nerve. In glaucoma, elevated intraocular pressure can lead to specific areas of the retina being affected, resulting in scotomas or blind spots that typically start in the peripheral visual fields. This peripheral vision loss can progress over time and may lead to tunnel vision, where only the central portion of the visual field remains intact.

Central vision loss, complete vision loss, and color vision loss are not typical presentations of glaucoma in its early or middle stages. Central vision loss is more commonly associated with conditions affecting the macula, such as age-related macular degeneration. Complete vision loss generally indicates end-stage disease of various eye conditions but is not a hallmark of glaucoma itself. While some individuals may experience color vision changes, these are generally not significant in the context of glaucoma compared to the more pronounced effects on peripheral vision.